Vacuum insulation panels have good thermal insulation properties and provide an effective thermal barrier for energy-saving purposes, especially in the construction field, but their service life has become the most concerned key issue for many researchers, manufacturers and users.The air isolation structure is an important component to maintain the degree of vacuum in the vacuum insulation board, and its performance has a great impact on the thermal performance and service life of the vacuum insulation board.The experimental method can only study its service life within a limited period of time, and it is particularly important to predict its service life theoretically.This article studies the influence of gas and water vapor penetrating into the plate through the gas-insulating structural membrane on its equivalent thermal conductivity, adopts the method of numerical analysis to establish a corresponding mathematical model, selects three typical gas-insulating structural membranes, tests their relevant performance parameters, and analyzes the vacuum insulation board prepared by it. The law of change in thermal conductivity is theoretically analyzed, and its service life is evaluated.